Women s Rights Of Women - 1269 Words

The United States of America has consciously manipulated which gender is able to have full access to resources. On the rights spectrum, women have severely suffered because dating back before The Women’s Rights Movement, women were left with the burden of the responsibility of raising children and domestic duties. The idea of equality is critically rooted by rights, support, and opportunities therefore allowing any person to gain access to resources, however for some odd reason women were left behind. Our country hides the strong women who have fought so hard to gain equality before The Women’s Rights Movement, luckily these women did not stop fighting for the women today. Women need to have full equality because, they are our friends,†¦show more content†¦The American Woman Suffrage Association and National Woman Suffrage Association brought women together and later the turning point came in the 1880s and 1890s, the determination of these women expanded their activities further outside their own organizations, thus creating a movement and provided a new momentum for the NWSA and the AWSA. By,1890 the groups united to form National American Woman Suffrage Association(NAWSA). After the vote was finally won in 1920, the organized Women’s Rights Movement continued on in multiple directions. Women who had marched, now petitioned and lobbied for woman suffrage, Alice Paul understood that the fight for women’s rights would be on going struggle that was elite, women wanted more. In 1919, the National American Suffrage Association formed itself into the League of Women to ensure that women would take their human right to vote seriously a nd use it wisely. After, the right to gained the Women’s Bureau of the Department of Labor was established to obtained information about women at work, and campaigned for changes needed. Many women activists involved themselves with lobbying for legislation to protect women workers from abuse and unsafe conditions. Alice Paul, in 1923, leader of the National Woman’s Party made the next step. She drafted an Equal Rights Amendment for the United States Constitution, law entailed that men and women have equal rights throughout the United States. (BonnieShow MoreRelatedWomen s Rights Of Women Essay1455 Words   |  6 Pagesa myriad of women have expressed through outlets such as public assemblies, literature, and speeches. There have been three waves of the women’s movement, each targeting a variety of issues within each era. The third wave was in 1995, where Hillary Clinton spoke in Beijing, China, claiming that women’s rights were the same as human rights , that every aspiring girl deserved the civil liberties that every man was given around the world. Moreover, the movement had shifted towards women in developingRead MoreWomen s Rights Of Women1265 Words   |  6 Pagesstands in the way of women being equal to men? Journalist Carlin Flora suggests the following, â€Å"While not all claims to humanity are universal and no one context, culture or continent can truly represent all peoples, the following three examples from very different contexts, cultures and continents show that some violations of women’s human rights are universal. In particular, it is still the case the world over that a woman’s reproductive rights, which impact on her right to life, are still seenRead MoreWomen s Rights Of Women881 Words   |  4 PagesTwenty –first century ladies are discovering it a daunting task to keep up both sexual orientation parts as an aftereffect of the women s activist development. They are presently assuming li ability for both the supplier and the nurturer, battling like never before to acquire and keep a superior personal satisfaction. Woman s rights has supported in equivalent vocation opportunity, battling to get ladies acknowledged into the employment advertise, and what initially began as ladies strengtheningRead MoreWomen s Rights Of Women Essay1647 Words   |  7 Pagesthe early 1920’s, women thought they had achieved the unachievable. They could finally work, keep their earned wages, marry whomever they please, and even vote. After reaching their goal and fighting vigorously, women could taste equality and the freedom they deserved. While women still have the right to work in today’s society, women are not exactly treated equal in the workplace. Regardless of the past and the extreme measures taken to ensure equal opportunities for both men and women, there are manyRead MoreWomen s Rights Of Women1590 Words   |  7 Pagesthe 1920s, women were ignored in every aspe ct of their life. From politics, to social situations, women were constantly looked at as lesser. The 20s was a decade of women ready to fight for their rights. From gaining social freedoms, to getting political rights, the 20s was the first decade of feminism. Many women played key roles in the fight for women s rights through speeches, marches, and much more. The women that fought for their rights in the 1920s completely changed how women live their livesRead MoreWomen s Rights Of Women1230 Words   |  5 PagesWomen’s suffrage has stretched from the 1800’s to present day, as women have struggled to have the same civil and constitutional rights as men in politics and be appreciated as equals in the workforce. Groups of women known as suffragists questioned the customary views of women’s roles. Eventually our nation has evolved and realized that male-controlled societies suppress women’s rights. From the beginning steps taken in 1850 to 2013 with wom en earning combat roles in the military, women’s rolesRead MoreWomen s Rights Of Women1206 Words   |  5 Pagesto speak of women and the role of women in this election, the subject of women is tiresome but necessary in a world where gender is still existent as an obstacle for most. I cannot identify what woman is. I am basing my definition from our modern understanding of woman, our general view, and the popular experience. People are using younger women voting for Bernie Sanders as proof of gender’s irrelevant in this election, that women have achieved their rights. Even if women ‘have rights now’ it doesRead MoreWomen s Rights Of Women1393 Words   |  6 Pages Women all over the world are being treated different than men. Iran is one of the places that women are being treated the worst. From restrictions to punishments, women in Iran are being treated with no respect, and that is not okay. Women’s rights activists have tried to get it to change, and have traveled to many places to try and get more people to join their movement. There are many issues with women not having the same rights as men. One of the main problems is that they are treated lessRead MoreWomen s Rights Of Women1272 Words   |  6 PagesThroughout history, women have fought a strenuous battle for equal rights. Many men, and even some women, all over the world believe that women do not share the same value and importance to society as men do. On September 5, 1995, Hillary Clinton spoke at the 4th World Conference on Women, on behalf of women all over the world. Clinton raised awareness on how women s rights are being violated and why it is important to recognize women s rights as equal to everyone else’s rights. Even today, in 2016Read MoreWomen s Rights Of Women1052 Words   |  5 PagesThe family has traditionally been the basic unit of Chinese society where women have long been charged with upholding society s values in their roles as wives and mothers. Especially in the Qing Dynasty, women were required to balance society s i deals with the reality of raising a family and maintaining a household. Throughout the imperial period and into the beginning of the twentieth century, the relationship among family members was prescribed by Confucian teachings. The revered philosopher

Memory And Memory Of Memory - 1178 Words

Grace Stelley Erickson Hour 5 1/11/17 Memory Steve Jobs once said, You and I have memories longer he road that stretches out ahead. The brain is so detailed and holds so much information in every little area. There are so many things happening in the brain at once, and one of the most fascinating things would be memory. The memory has various abilities that make it so complex, including the memory system, how it functions, and memory retrieval, along with the capacity to memorize certain ideas easier Memory has different parts in the memory system including sensory, short and long memories. Each type has a different time span and is broken down for different purposes for memorizing. Sensory memory occupies material for one to two†¦show more content†¦It also indicates to the brain’s intelligence to keep knowledge. Recollection is a crucial piece of the training progress (Loftus). Repeating actions can really help to expand what has been just viewed. The memory is a result of an influence on perception, attention, and learning. Many experiences in life affect what a person remembers. Memory collects the events that were given the most impact on the life at hand. Every time a person learns something different, chemical conversions account new passageways to grow between neurons. The memory traces can be energized at any time to intimate the cognition called memories. If memories weren’t in the brain, learning something would be new every time. There are two d istinct types of memories including motor-skill memory and factual memory. The ability to memorize motor skills, such as walking or riding a bike makes it possible to achieve many everyday actions without abundant conception of conscious thought. Motor-skills are very important because they show what comes naturally to a person and what can be improved to help get to a goal or new step in life. Between five to six hours of learning a new motor-skill, the capability of completing the task becomes gathered forever in a person’s brain. If it is disturbed by another learning action the first one may be erased or can easily be slipped away from memory (â€Å"Memory† n. pag.). Motor-skills are crucial for survival and show how they can be so important for futureShow MoreRelatedMemory And Memory Of Memory971 Words   |  4 Pagesstore and remember so many memories throughout our lifespan, in our brain? A memory is a â€Å"faculty by which the mind stores and remembers infor mation†, but how? Memories are stored in direct braincells and brain structures, which allow us to remember our memories. Some memories can depend on one single molecule for their life long remembrance, and replay of episodes. Memories are stored in two ways, short term memory and long-term memory. These three different stages of memory allow us to take in andRead MoreMemory Of Memory And Memory966 Words   |  4 PagesOne of the common issues today is if people can rely on their memories. It is not mutual knowledge for people to know how memories are formed or where they are stored. A prodigious example of how memories are constructed is in the article â€Å"Distinguishing the Neutral Correlates of Episodic Memory Encoding and Semantic Memory Retrieval† Steven Prince and the other authors report, â€Å"The way a memory is formed is by neurons in one’s brain retaining information from a certain event and delivering it toRead MoreThe Memory Of Memory And Memory1 497 Words   |  6 Pagesbeings rely on their memory a lot, not only to remember special events or memorise facts that have been learned but also to recall processes and routines executed on a daily basis. Memory can be defined as a system that processes information in the mind, which consists of three stages; namely encoding, storage, and retrieval (Farlex Partner Medical Dictionary, 2012). Encoding refers to the receiving and modification of an informational stimulus so that it can be embedded in the memory. Storage is theRead MoreMemory And Memory Of Memory1866 Words   |  8 PagesMemory is a vital component in our body in which shapes who we are, considering the memory is where all our knowledge and past experiences are stored. As the knowledge and past experiences we gather throughout our lifetime are irreplaceable, that is why we must ensure that our memory systems are kept in perfect condition, making sure that we put effort into enhancing our memories in keeping what we c herish the most. Researchers have shown that it is possible to use techniques to ameliorate memoryRead MoreThe Memory Of A Memory Essay960 Words   |  4 PagesRecalling a memory seems like a simple task but are you actually depicting the events how they actually happened? Understanding the process our minds undergo during memory recall has helped greatly in legal cases involving an eyewitness. People generally believe that an eyewitness report provides completely reliable evidence to a criminal case. However, Elizabeth Loftus of the University of Washington has found that when an individual recalls a memory it is not described completely as it occurredRead MoreTypes Of Memory And Memory Essay1368 Words   |  6 Pagesthe memory of the event in your mind that was stored in your long term memory. There are three different types of memory each one having a different purpose. First being the long term memory which stores memory’s for long periods of time. Next is short term me mory also known as working memory which only last for an estimated 15-30 seconds. Finally is sensory memory which is the ability to remember sensory information. Throughout time it has been constantly said that women have better memory thanRead MoreMemory And Memory Of A Person1924 Words   |  8 PagesForgetting Memory is described as the ability to recall past ideas and experiences. Memory is a part of the day to day lives. It is usually a constant process through which the minds of a person are continually retrieving and processing information. The ability of an individual to remember permits him/her to function efficiently in their day to day lives (Hockenbury, chapter 6). This is the main reason as to why a majority of researchers and psychologists have asserted that the working memory of a personRead MoreMemory Loss In Memory853 Words   |  4 Pages One study measured memory capacity through different number of words recalled as well as memory efficiency (through selectivity based on value assigned to different words) in different age groups (Castel et al., 2011). This differs from tests looking at episodic memory (free recall) by examining control of attention can result in encoding high-value information. Age-related differences were found in memory capacity (through number of words recalled). This study used a selectivity task where participantsRead MoreSleep : Memory And Memory1694 Words   |  7 PagesEnhances Memory When the brain first encounters an idea, thought, image, experience, or action it works to form or encode a memory. There are many different kinds of memories that can be formed. Each must be consolidated in order to remain a stable memory. All five stages of sleep support some phase of learning and memory (Poe, Walsh, Bjorness, 2010). This article discusses the different types of memory, stages of sleep, and what occurs that potentially strengthens memory while sleeping. Memory SensoryRead MoreMemory And Memory Of Computers868 Words   |  4 Pages Memory Have you ever wanted to know how certain files, documents and so on are being saved and what led this to occur? The memory of computers is quite fascinating and there is so much that goes into saving something on a computer. There are different types of memory that is found on computers that is needed to make things work and that would be acceptable to the user. The main two that is quite known in the computer world would be Primary and Secondary memory. There are 2 types

Impact of Negative Advertising in Various Sectors Free Sample

Question: Discuss about the Impact of Negative Advertisements. Answer: Advertising is basically a way of communication between a business and its prospective buyers. The company selling products and services using advertisements to tell the public about their products nature, uses and advantages in comparison to substitutes available in the market. Advertisements hold great importance in this era of cut throat competition. The major modes of advertisement are television, radio, hoardings, newspapers and magazines, personal mails, etc., depending on the nature of the product and the relevant target audience. While the main aim of advertising is to promote your own product, sometimes companies advertise by showing the similar products of other companies in bad light. This helps to attract the customer base of competitors towards your company. This is commonly known as Negative Advertising. This kind of advertising shows competitors in a bad light in order to make the advertiser appear better. It is mostly used in political sector, but has started gaining popularity in casual business as well (Sehba, 2016). This paper provides detailed information about the concept of negative advertising. The aim of this paper is to critically analyze the views of different authors about this practice. The main area of focus is the use of negative advertising in the political arena, different campaigns and their effect on the pollsters. Comparitive Analysis According to Richardson, the term negative advertising covers a very broad area of different concepts and terminologies and hence it becomes difficult to research. The result of research is mostly contradictory, making it difficult to differentiate the intended and unintended impacts of negative advertising. While the focus of this method of advertising is to make the competitors products look bad, but a company should not build up false content. In fact the genuine flaws in the competitors product should be highlighted and how the advertisers product is better should be focused on (Robertson, 2017). Johnson-Cartee and Copeland state that there are three modes that are used for negative advertising in the political sector. These are the direct attack ad, the direct comparison ad, and the implied comparison ad. In case of a direct attack ad, a specific party or candidate is attacked directly. The author found that this form of negative argumentation decreases the targeted candidates image and voting preference scores tremendously. In case of the direct comparison ad, both candidate and opponent are compared in terms of their experience, their records and the importance of their independent commitment (Chang, et al., 1998). According to the authors, this form of ad has the greatest impact on the voters and significantly decreases the targeted candidates evaluation. Lastly, the implied comparison ad does not feature the targeted candidate and in some cases the sponsoring party is not revealed too. These ads give some details about the sponsoring candidates position in the campaign w ithout talking about the opponent. These ads are presented in a way that it forces the viewers to start making comparisons between both candidates (Robison, 2016). The implied comparisons advertisements are not intended to be negative, but their interpretation by the viewers make them negative. These ads increase the voting preferences towards sponsoring candidate drastically. Negative advertisement has two kinds of issue appeals namely political issue appeals and personal characteristic issue appeals. Political issue appeals analyze and comment on the political standing of the candidate, the voting record, issue positions and the criminal records if any. On the other hand, personal characteristic issue appeals talk about the personal life of the candidate, their religion, sex, family background and present or past marriages. Research shows that more than 70% of viewers support negative advertising of political issue appeals as a fair comment, but do not support negative advertising of personal issue appeals (Gregory, 2015). Another author Mayer argues that this research finding cannot be considered genuine as in the course of changeability of issue positions during campaigns, it is the personal character of the candidate that would talk on his behalf. His personality will help to judge if he will fulfil his commitments once he is elected. According to him, if a candidate is free to present himself as a leader or highly moral, then the opponents should be given the right to freely contest their claims. The acceptance of political issue appeals was more among highly educated people who exhibited a better understanding of political efficacy. On the contrary, the people with low education income accepted personal issue appals due to their low levels of political efficacy and participation (Parker, 2013). Johnson-Cartee and Copeland suggested that the overall acceptance of both issues is also affected by the local political culture. Newhagen and Reeves also provided three categories of negative advertisement s namely true negative ads, where the image of the opponent is tarnished without mentioning the sponsor; the comparative ads, where the objective is to not only decrease the image of the opponent, but to increase the evaluation of the sponsor; the hope ads, where the sponsor is promoted as the person who could resolve a particular issue without bringing up the opponents name. It is evident that these three categories are very similar to the mode of negative ads recognized by Johnson-Cartee and Copeland (Lariscy, 2012). When it comes to the importance of negative advertising, Mayer argues that negative advertising is one that forces candidates to be more honest than they would otherwise be in case of absence of this form of advertising. Finkel and Geer support this view. According to them negative advertising holds great importance in democratic countries where the candidate is elected by the general public. Finkel and Geer state that the candidates should not just highlight their own accomplishments and positive character, but should also emphasize on the weakness of their opponents policies and qualifications. Every candidate has a duty to prove why he is better than the rest of the candidates and why his opponent should not be voted for (Kolovos Harris, 2015). Negative advertisement becomes a very important part of such a campaign because its not necessary that the most liked candidate shall win but the chances of the least disliked one to win are fairly high. The successfulness of this kind of advertisement was evident in the latest American Elections. Both parties launched an extremely negative advertisement campaign against each other and the less disliked one managed to win. This also proves that praising oneself does not have that significant an effect as proving your opponent to be a bad person. Mostly all advertisement consultants hold the view that negative advertisement has a stronger impact on people than positive advertisement. Republican consultant Roger stone argues that during focus groups, voters tend to say that they do not like negative ads, but the negative information is retained for far longer by people than the positive information. Democratic consultant Philip Friedman bluntly states that in most campaigns the question is raised that whose negative campaign is better. The negative campaign always works if the campaign is positive, it should be saved for the tombstone. Winston Fletcher explains that positive campaign is not very impressive as all parties are inclined towards the same goals like prosperity, peace, safe streets, removal of unemployment, poverty, illiteracy and so on. The challenge is how they plan to attain these and this complex pathway cannot be explained in an advertisement. So, rather than saying that you are capable to do it, promote that t he opponent is incapable to do it (Schemer, 2010). Talking about the unintended effects of negative advertising, a study conducted by Garramone found that voters did not believe every kind of negative advertisement. Highly educated tend to question the rationality of the comments passed in the negative advertisements. Also, the older voters perceived these advertisements to be less truthful than the younger generation of voters. Johnson-Cartee and Copeland stated three major damaging effects of using negative advertising in political campaigns. Firstly, the boomerang effect, where the negative advertisement puts a bad light on the image of the sponsor and not the target. Secondly the victim syndrome in which a negative ad is perceived as unfair by the voters and it gives rise to positive feelings towards the target (Basil Reeves, 2008). Lastly, there is the double effect, where negative ad infuses negative feelings towards both target and sponsor. The negative advertisement also influences the number of voters who turn to vote. According to Ansolabeher and Iyengar, evidence states that negative advertising discourages people to vote, whereas positive advertising has an opposite effect. Finkel and Geer contradict the findings of Ansolabeher and Iyengar and argue that negative advertising might discourage a group of voters but might stimulate another set of voters to vote by providing them more awareness about both candidates. Their findings show that there is no effect of negative ads on voter turnout. According to Kahn and Kenny, negative advertising has different effects on different people depending on political predispositions. Jamieson finally concludes that mixed advertising is the most influential type of ad when it comes to mobilizing voters. Strong attacks mostly reduce the sponsoring candidates votes as well an overall voter turnout where as contrast ads increase both. Gaps Identification and Conclusion The most important question that remains is how successful negative advertisement really is. Kellerman suggests that negative information has the capacity to change the impression of a good person more quickly than the capacity of positive information to change the impression of bad person. On the contrary, a study by Pinkelton et al proves that people found negative ads less useful than positive ads. Johnson-Cartee and Copeland found that direct attack ads might not be very effective, but direct or implied comparison ads can benefit the campaign as they give voters a fair chance to choose the better person out of the available candidates. These ads are also perceived as more genuine by the voters as compared to the direct attack ads. To conclude, I would say that due to inconsistencies in the terminology and methodology of research and boundaries of negative advertisement, it is unclear to decide if the negative advertisement is more informative than positive advertisement. Even though definite results are not clear, yet one thing that has been proven is that negative advertising holds great importance in any campaign. If this aspect is used tactfully, it can change the whole game. Negative information is retained for a longer time has been proven time and again. Using that information carefully can help the campaign greatly. The precaution to be taken here is that in the course of making the opponent look bad and magnifying his/her weaknesses, the basic ethical ground should not be lost. If that is done, the whole negative ad might just bite the sponsor back. The facts shown in negative ad should be well researched. Hypothetical claims and false accusations might lead to the failure of the campaign. Mayer and Fi nkel and Geer correctly state that truthful negative advertising is an integral part of the election campaign. The works of different authors suggest that a negative ad should not directly attack the opponent because that might get him/her sympathy votes. In fact, a clear and effective comparison should be made which not only makes the sponsor fair, but also prevents the opponent to play the victim card. Lastly, there is no definite result that proves the extent of the effectiveness of negative advertising. The content and extent of negative advertising in any campaign depends on the local political environment, demographic structure and the economic development factors like literacy rate, employment and per capita income. References Basil, M. Reeves, B., 2008. Positive and negative political advertising: Effectiveness of ads and perceptions of candidates: Academia, Available at: https://www.academia.edu/20854930/Positive_and_negative_political_advertising_Effectiveness_of_ads_and_perceptions_of_candidates Chang, W., Park, J. Shim, S., 1998. Effectiveness of Negative Political Advertising, Available at: https://www.scripps.ohiou.edu/wjmcr/vol02/2-1a.HTM Gregory, P., 2015. Comparing the Effectiveness of Positive and Negative Political Campaigns. Volume 11, Available at: https://www.inquiriesjournal.com/articles/1311/comparing-the-effectiveness-of-positive-and-negative-political-campaigns Kolovos, I. Harris, P., 2015. Does negative advertising work?, Available at: https://www.academia.edu/29087959/Does_negative_advertising_work Lariscy, R., 2012. Why negative political ads work, Available at: https://edition.cnn.com/2012/01/02/opinion/lariscy-negative-ads/index.html Parker, R., 2013. Does negative advertising work?, Available at: https://www.smartcompany.com.au/technology/does-negative-advertising-work/ Robertson, T., 2017. Ethics of Negative Advertising, Available at: https://smallbusiness.chron.com/ethics-negative-advertising-26128.html Robison, M., 2016. People say they don't like negative political ads, but do they work?, Available at: https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/do-negative-political-ads-work/ Schemer, C., 2010. Reinforcing Spirals of Negative Affects and Selective Attention to Advertising in a Political Campaign: NCCR, Available at: https://www.academia.edu/9344448/Reinforcing_Spirals_of_Negative_Affects_and_Selective_Attention_to_Advertising_in_a_Political_Campaign Sehba, 2016. Meaning, Objectives, and Importance of Advertising, Available at: https://www.importantindia.com/23997/meaning-objectives-and-importance-of-advertising/

Prithvi Raj Chauhan free essay sample

Prithviraj Chauhan Prithviraj Chauhan was born at Ajaymeru (Ajmer) in 1166 A. D. His father was Someshwar Chauhan and mother Karpuri Devi, a Kalachuri (Chedi) princess, daughter of Achalaraja of Tripuri. Muhammad Ghori attacked India multiple times. First time he was routed in present day Gujarat by Rajputs. Mularaja-II was not even a teen yet and his mother organized the defences of Pattan. Battle was fought at Kayadara near Mount Abu, in 1178 A. D. and Ghori was resoundingly defeated. After this defeat he never entered India through Gujarat. In first battle of Taraori in 1191 Prithviraj Chauhan’s cavalry charged and routed the Ghurid cavalry and captured Ghori.. It is Told that Prithviraj Chauhan Defeted Ghori 17 times and Ghori begged for his life and Prithviraj allowed him to go despite his generals asking him not to do so. Prithviraj Chauhan lived at Taragarh fort which was also known as Ajaymeru after which the town of Ajmer got its name. We will write a custom essay sample on Prithvi Raj Chauhan or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Following year Ghori came again. Prithviraj advanced with his army and sent a letter to Ghori. In this letter Ghori was asked to return as he had been defeated the previous year and was spared his life. Ghori replied that he was in India on the orders of his brother, Ghiasuddin, and that he could only retreat after he got a word from his brother. This letter was sent in the evening and after sending the letter Ghori moved his camp back a few kilometers to feign retreat. On receiving this letter and seeing Muhammad move his camp back Prithviraj assumed that Ghori was not interested in fighting. Ghori also knew that rajputs did not fight in the night and only started fighting after sun had come up. (This is an ancient Kshatriya practice e. Mahabharata was also fought mostly in day time). Ghori treacherously attacked in the early morning hours when Prithviraj and his army were sleeping and was able to win this war The founder of the Gahadwala line was Govindchandra Gahadwala. He was an astute ruler and ruled from Kannauj. Most of North India, including the university town of Nalanda was a part of his kingdom. He stoutly defended his kingdom from further Muslims incursions. He institute d a tax for this purpose which was called Turushka Danda (i. e. tax to fight the Turushkas or Turks). His grandson was Jaichandra Gahadwala (Rathod) who played a tragic role in Indian History. The Story of Prithviraj Chouhan and Mahmud Ghori In Jaichand’s days, a rival Rajput clan had established itself in Delhi (Pithoragarh). The ruler there was Prithviraj Chouhan. Pritiviraj was a romantic, chivalrous and an extremely fearless person. After ceaseless military campaigns, Pritiviraj extended his original kingdom of Sambhar (Shakambara) to Rajasthan, Gujarat, and Eastern Punjab. He ruled from his twin capitals at Delhi and Ajmer. His fast rise caught the envy of the then powerful ruler Jaichandra Gahadwala and there was a lot of ill-feeling between the two. Prithiviraj’s Love for Sanyogita – Jaichandra’s Daughter The story of Prithviraj’s bold exploits spread far and wide in the country and he was the center of much discussion in the circle of the nobility. Sanyogita, the daughter of Jaichandra Gahadwala fell secretly in love with Prithiviraj and she started a secret poetic correspondence with him. Her father the haughty Jaichandra got wind of this and he decided to teach his daughter and her upstart lover a lesson. So he arranged a Swayamwara (a ceremony where a bride can select her husband from the assembled princes. She had the right to garland any prince and she became his queen. This is an ancient Hindu custom among Royalty). Jaichandra invited all the big and small princes of the country to Kannauj for the royal Swayamwara. But he deliberately ignored Prithiviraj. To add insult to injury, he even made a statue of Prithiviraj and kept him as a dwarpala (doorman). The Elopement of Sanyogita with Prithviraj Prithviraj got to know of this and he confided his plans to his lover. On the said day, Sanyogita walked down the aisle where the royals had assembled and bypassed all of them only to reach the door and garland the statue of Pritiviraj as a doorman. The assemblage was stunned at this brash act of hers. But what stunned them and her father Jaichandra was the next thing that happened. Prithiviraj who was hiding behind the statue, also in the garb of a doorman, whisked Sanyogita away and put her up on his steed to make a fast getaway to his capital at Delhi Chouhan-Rathore Warfare Leads to Weakening of both Rajput Kingdoms Jaichandra and his army gave earnest chase and in the resultant string of battles between the two kingdoms fought between 1189 and 1190, both of them sufferred heavily. While this drama was being enacted, another ruler also named Mahmud who was from Ghori in Afghanistan had grown powerful and had captured Ghazni and subsequently attacked the Ghaznavid Governor of Punjab and defeated him. The kingdom of Mahmud Ghori now stretched up to the domains of Prithiviraj Chouhan. A clash was inevitable